Taxes. A constant reality that we have to deal with. They are necessary. But one thing I’ve learned, Uncle Sam is not our Uncle. Therefore, I only want to give Uncle Sam what is rightfully and lawfully his and keep what I can rightfully and legally keep. Basically, I’m all about tax avoidance but not tax evasion.
In the world of real estate, many property owners are sitting on a highly appreciated asset. For many of them, their desire is to either sell the asset and leverage the current value to attain another asset that will create more cash flow, or simply put, they want an exit strategy without having to pay the capital gains and recapture taxes the following April.
In this article, I’m going to explain some of the primary differences between a 1031 Exchange and a Tax Deferred Cash Out. I am not going to go through the tax code. We teach seminars and webinars on both topics as well as many other professionals that do the same. There are plenty of opportunities to learn the tax codes and mechanics associated with the two strategies. This is based on an assumption that one understands the code and the mechanics of each.
1031 Exchanges have been occurring for nearly 100 years. After the Starker Case in 1979/1980, the 1031 Exchange became more regulated. It gained more momentum and exposure as a tax strategy. That was 41 years ago. Now, it is a very commonly discussed tax strategy. Basically, it’s a “household name” among investors. That means that people, generally speaking, are going to be more comfortable with using this tax strategy.
For those who want to read about the case, here’s a good link. It makes for a great late night sleep aid :-).
https://www.timbertax.org/research/caselaw/court_cases/s/
starker1/
I do not know what exchanges cost
throughout the U.S.. From what I do gather, the range is from
$600-$1200 for basic exchanges. A Tax Deferred Cash Out is
going to cost about 6.7% of the net sales proceeds (contract
price minus closing fees). That is a lot more expensive than an
Exchange. That is why it is always important to understand the
goals of the client. What may seem more affordable may be more
costly in the long run and what may seem more costly may be
more affordable in the long run.
This is of great value. When investors pass away, their heirs receive a step-up in basis. Basically, the
cost basis moves up from the price that the owner paid for the
property to the value when the beneficiaries inherit it. If they sell it
immediately, there will likely be little to no capital gains taxes.
Make sure that you don’t get capital gains taxes mixed up with
estate taxes. There may be some estate taxes due if the estate is
large enough.
For some, this will be the best value of the TDCO
strategy. Instead of having to replace a property with a like-kind
property, one can take the proceeds and invest it how they
desire. They have two options: business or investing in a financial
vehicle of choice (mutual funds, CD’s, stocks, annuities, etc).
For example, let’s say that an investor has multiple properties.
They have leveraged debt on every property to increase their
portfolio. One of their properties happens to be a highly
appreciated property. They sell it and use the resources to pay
off debts on other investment properties. That would be
considered business use. Now, they have less debt.
The investor could choose to buy a much lower priced property
in another market and put the balance of the funds in a financial
investment vehicle of choice.
They can start any kind of business venture that they would like.
They have options!!
In many cases, owners of investment
properties no longer want to own those properties and deal with
the challenges that come with tenants, laws, and so on. As we
like to say, they don’t want to deal with the “tenants, trash, and
toilets”. They’d like to “retire” from being a landlord. With a 1031
Exchange, you stay a landlord! With the TDCO, the owner can
sell their investment property and invest it into other financial
vehicles that can create passive income from the growth. They
might also choose to invest in other passive income business
opportunities. They have options!
With a 1031 Exchange, the investor needs to identify up to 3 potential replacement
properties within 45 days and close one or more of the identified
properties within 180 days. This works great if the market is great
for buyers. But, what if the market is not doing well and there are
not enough good properties to choose from? What if there are
multiple offers on every property? There is always that big “what
if”. I’ve met too many people that basically said “had I known I
was going to end up with this property, I would not have sold the
last one.” Tragedy.
A common issue with these requirements is loss of negotiating
power. When an investor is required to meet these deadlines, they may have to
offer more on an identified property because they may be
competing with other buyers to purchase it.
With the TDCO strategy, there are no replacement time
requirements. The investor can take the time needed to find the
right property, the right fit, the right market, and without time
pressures. If it takes 1, 2, 3, or more years, that is okay!
Many 1031 Exchanges fail due to the above mentioned 45/180 day restrictions not being
met, for many reasons. When that happens, Uncle Sam will be
asking for that tax money the following April. Yes, another
tragedy!
With the TDCO strategy, as long as the 1031 Exchange
Accommodator will cooperate and release the funds to the TDCO
strategy, then the “failing” exchange can be rescued BEFORE it
fails. It cannot be used to rescue an already failed exchange.
Then, the taxes are deferred for decades as long as the investor
follows the TDCO investment guidelines. Tragedy avoided!!!
Note: not all 1031 Exchange Accommodators cooperate with
Capital Asset Dealers by releasing the funds to another strategy.
National 1031 Exchanges Services does cooperate
(1031pros.net)
In a 1031 Exchange, the investor is required to replace the debt on the previous
property with an equal or greater debt on the newly purchased
property. In some cases, this could present a problem if the
investor finds out that their credit is not as good as they thought
it was and now either don’t qualify or have to pay higher interest
rates than they thought.
With the TDCO strategy, the previous debt is not required to be
replaced. That is because the TDCO loan IS the replacement
debt. One can simply pay off the debt and invest the balance of
the resources as they desire.
This section could be a whole article by itself so I’m going to keep it as simple as possible. In 1031
Exchanges, the depreciation schedule starts with the purchase of the first property. It ends 27.5 or 39 years after that purchase, depending on the type of property it is. That time clock continues to run, without resetting, with purchases of new properties
through a 1031 exchange. The only increase in depreciation is
any increase in value from the sale of one property to the value of
another, with a new schedule on that increase. Any gains during
ownership cannot be depreciated.
With the TDCO strategy, the investor sells their investment
property and defers the capital gains and straight line
depreciation taxes for decades. They stop the 1031 exchange
chain upon the sale of that property. When they purchase a new
property, they will start a whole new depreciation schedule (27.5
or 39 years) based on the full depreciable value of the newly
acquired property. This can be a significant tax advantage!
Both strategies have their advantages and disadvantages. Both of them have their place in society. When exploring them, one should walk through the #’s, the goals, and the personality of the client. The strategy used should meet those criteria.
Disclosure: While this article provides general information about the two capital gains tax strategies, it does not constitute legal or tax advice. The best way to get guidance on your specific legal issue is to contact a lawyer.
For sale of:
Not including sales by someone in the ordinary course of business as a dealer
Not including sales by someone in the ordinary course of business as a dealer
More than 40% of all 1031 Exchanges fail. This can happen even when the seller does everything right. When an exchange fails, Uncle Sam will be asking for that tax money the following April. Tragedy!
With the TDCO strategy, as long as the 1031 Exchange Accommodator will cooperate and release the funds to the TDCO strategy, then the “failing” exchange can be rescued BEFORE it fails. It cannot be used to rescue an already failed exchange.
Then, the taxes are deferred for decades as long as the investor follows the TDCO investment guidelines. Tragedy avoided!!!
Note: not all 1031 Exchange Accommodators cooperate with Capital Asset Dealers by releasing the funds to another strategy. National 1031 Exchange Services is an accommodator.
For information click here.
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